A Case of Aortic Stenosis & Coarctation of Aorta in an Adult

Abstract

Background: Aortic coarctation, a congenital heart defect characterized by narrowing of the aorta, typically manifests and is addressed during childhood. Often, aortic coarctation coexists with other cardiac anomalies such as aortic stenosis and bicuspid aortic valve, complicating its clinical presentation and management.

Case Presentation: Herein, we present the case of a 54-year-old man who was admitted to our cardiology unit due to the sudden onset of chest heaviness, dyspnea, and palpitations. Upon thorough examination and diagnostic workup, the patient was diagnosed with aortic coarctation accompanied by aortic valve stenosis. Given the severity of the condition and its potential complications, a multidisciplinary approach was undertaken to address both issues.

Management: In the first stage of management, the patient underwent successful aortic valve replacement to alleviate the symptoms associated with aortic valve stenosis. Subsequently, attention turned to treating the aortic coarctation. Due to the complexity of the case and the need for precise intervention, a staged approach was adopted. The coarctation was addressed in a separate procedure following the initial valve replacement. This sequential approach ensured optimal management of both conditions while minimizing the risk of complications.

Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of recognizing and managing concurrent cardiac pathologies in patients with aortic coarctation. A comprehensive evaluation and a multidisciplinary approach are essential for successful treatment outcomes. The staged management strategy employed in this case effectively addressed both aortic valve stenosis and aortic coarctation, underscoring its utility in managing complex congenital heart diseases in adult patients.